Revision Questions

1.       Define Resting Membrane Potential

2.      Discuss the ionic Basis of the Resting Membrane Potential.

3.      How is the resting membrane potential generated?

4.      Relate the membrane potential to its circuit diagram at rest.

5.      Sketch a diagrammatic presentation of the Action potential of a nerve cell.

6.      Which ion is responsible for (a) resting membrane potential" (d) depolarization (c) re-polarization of the nerve cell membrane.

7.      What is the role of Na+-K+ pump in the re-establish ment of the resting membrane potential?

8.       How is the Action Potential generated in a nerve cell membrane?

9.       What is hyperpolarization afterpotential and how is it generated?

10.   What is the role of Na+ and K+ conductances in the refractory periods?

11.   What happen between the two refractory periods?

12.   Summarize the process of synaptic transmission.

13.   Differentiate between EPSP and IPSP

14.   Describe the process of summation at synapses.

15.   Differentiate between spatial and temporal summations.

16.   Which of the neurotransmitter regulate motor activities of the Brain. What  is the result of the excess of deficiency of the named neurotransmitter?

17.   List 5 neurotransmitters and  3 neuropeptides and state their functions.

18.   Describe the process of excitation-contraction coupling in (a) skeletal (b) smooth and (c) cardiac muscles.

19.   Describe the different types of smooth muscle fibers.

20.   Describe the structure and function of a myocardiac muscle.

21.   Using an illustrated diagram, only present the energy sources necessary for muscle contraction.

22.   Differentiate between excitation-contraction coupling in skeletal and smooth muscles.

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